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**Wirrunna** · 05-12-2018, 02:17 AM

It appears that attachments don't work, neither do large posts, so I will post the procedure in chunks.
Part one.

StorageExpansion
How to expand the /storage filesystem with another disk

These steps assume that you installed Vortexbox using the "twodiskinstall".

This assumes that you have setup Putty
https://wiki.vortexbox.org/troublesh...a_command_line
In reading this how-to, [[email protected] ~]# is the command line prompt from my system.
I have used a lot of display commands to show status both before and after a change command is given. Also, the disks were previously used in Windows and Linux systems and occasionally threw warnings when changes were being made.

The following steps show a system where /storage is on a 4T + 2T drive and an additional 2T drive is added so that /storage is expanded to ~8T in size.

step 1 - Make sure you have a good backup

step 2- Shut down the system and physically install your new disk

step 3 - boot vortexbox, login via Putty (ssh) and create a partition table on the new drive

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 119.2 GiB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: DA1C7E00-7FA7-44DD-8069-B0C56E59AE0F

Device       Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sda1     2048     4095     2048    1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2     4096   618495   614400  300M Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3   618496  1667071  1048576  512M Linux swap
/dev/sda4  1667072 64581631 62914560   30G Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/sdb: 3.7 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F974EF6C-3803-4E3A-8AE2-64CD6BC2AD04

Device     Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdb1   2048 7814037134 7814035087  3.7T Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/sdc: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 6B412C08-C76D-4AA3-9687-BF96B7212F0E

Device     Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdc1   2048 3907029134 3907027087  1.8T Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/sdd: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/StorageVM-lv_storage: 5.5 TiB, 6001143054336 bytes, 11720982528 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
[[email protected] ~]#

Disk /dev/sdd is the new drive to be added.

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.28.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc4e9464d.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xc4e9464d

Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 52FAA7F9-BC09-496F-B5BE-44A2A3AA77E9).

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 52FAA7F9-BC09-496F-B5BE-44A2A3AA77E9

Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-3907029134, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-3907029134, default 3907029134):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1.8 TiB.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 52FAA7F9-BC09-496F-B5BE-44A2A3AA77E9

Device     Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdd1   2048 3907029134 3907027087  1.8T Linux filesystem

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[[email protected] ~]#

**Wirrunna** · 05-12-2018, 02:24 AM

Part 2.

step 4- use pvcreate to create a physical volume on the new disk

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd1
WARNING: ntfs signature detected on /dev/sdd1 at offset 3. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
  Wiping ntfs signature on /dev/sdd1.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created.
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               StorageVM
  PV Size               3.64 TiB / not usable 22.82 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               32.00 MiB
  Total PE              119232
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          119232
  PV UUID               eI8CPg-2U1K-XT3J-Adx1-he2i-Jbdm-XMVyWV

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc1
  VG Name               StorageVM
  PV Size               1.82 TiB / not usable 16.07 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               32.00 MiB
  Total PE              59616
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          59616
  PV UUID               A7lAbN-0E4I-6eI6-Qdnf-pbt1-vRqq-jkVoZo

  "/dev/sdd1" is a new physical volume of "1.82 TiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdd1
  VG Name
  PV Size               1.82 TiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               E3aLPV-KfcM-eeHT-Krlp-r2bi-fRxa-FoBpIg

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/sdb1   VG StorageVM       lvm2 [3.64 TiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdc1   VG StorageVM       lvm2 [1.82 TiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdd1                      lvm2 [1.82 TiB]
  Total: 3 [7.28 TiB] / in use: 2 [5.46 TiB] / in no VG: 1 [1.82 TiB]
[[email protected] ~]#

step 5- use the vgextend command to extend the volume group StorageVM to include the newly added drive

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# vgextend StorageVM /dev/sdd1
  Volume group "StorageVM" successfully extended
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/sdb1   VG StorageVM       lvm2 [3.64 TiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdc1   VG StorageVM       lvm2 [1.82 TiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdd1   VG StorageVM       lvm2 [1.82 TiB / 1.82 TiB free]
  Total: 3 [7.28 TiB] / in use: 3 [7.28 TiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
[[email protected] ~]#

step 6- if /storage is mounted unmount it and perform a filesystem check on it
note- If /storage reports that it is busy and cannot be unmounted you can comment out the /storage line in /etc/fstab and reboot then continue with the steps

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# umount /storage
[[email protected] ~]# fsck -f /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage
fsck from util-linux 2.28.2
e2fsck 1.43.3 (04-Sep-2016)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/StorageVM-lv_storage: 22/183140352 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 11835786/1465122816 blocks
[[email protected] ~]#

**Wirrunna** · 05-12-2018, 02:33 AM

Part 3.

step 7- extend the logical volume by the size of the new disk
we will use the pvdisplay output to get the size value to use in the command

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               StorageVM
  PV Size               3.64 TiB / not usable 22.82 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               32.00 MiB
  Total PE              119232
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          119232
  PV UUID               eI8CPg-2U1K-XT3J-Adx1-he2i-Jbdm-XMVyWV

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc1
  VG Name               StorageVM
  PV Size               1.82 TiB / not usable 16.07 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               32.00 MiB
  Total PE              59616
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          59616
  PV UUID               A7lAbN-0E4I-6eI6-Qdnf-pbt1-vRqq-jkVoZo

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdd1
  VG Name               StorageVM
  PV Size               1.82 TiB / not usable 16.07 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               32.00 MiB
  Total PE              59616
  Free PE               59616
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               E3aLPV-KfcM-eeHT-Krlp-r2bi-fRxa-FoBpIg

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +1.82TiB /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 1.82 TiB.
  Insufficient free space: 59638 extents needed, but only 59616 available
[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +1.81TiB /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 1.81 TiB.
  Size of logical volume StorageVM/lv_storage changed from 5.46 TiB (178848 extents) to 7.27 TiB (238159 extents).
  Logical volume StorageVM/lv_storage successfully resized.
[[email protected] ~]#

step 8- use lvdisplay to confirm that StorageVM reports the combined capacity of all drives

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage
  LV Name                lv_storage
  VG Name                StorageVM
  LV UUID                jks6OX-vz7P-Dxfo-7qi3-FUyL-REUG-xLq4YG
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time sugovbox, 2018-04-22 20:36:18 +1000
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                7.27 TiB
  Current LE             238159
  Segments               3
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

[[email protected] ~]#

step 9- use the resize2fs command to extend the file system to the full capacity of the newly
expanded StorageVM volume

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage
resize2fs 1.43.3 (04-Sep-2016)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage to 1950998528 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/StorageVM/lv_storage is now 1950998528 (4k) blocks long.

[[email protected] ~]#

the resize2fs command will take some time to complete (about the same amount of time a makefs command would take to create a new filesystem of the added size)

step 10- remount and reboot
remount the /storage filesystem and/or uncomment the /storage line in /etc/fstab
then reboot the server so that the /storage filesystem will be remounted

Code:

[[email protected] ~]# mount /storage

Your system should now have the additional space needed in /storage for continued use.
Always remember to keep current backups in case of a drive failure.

Reference :
https://web.archive.org/web/20150403...orageExpansion
https://linuxtechlab.com/beginners-guide-resizing-lvm/

**Transporter** · 05-14-2018, 10:09 AM

Originally posted by Wirrunna View Post

The Expand Storage howto is a bit out of date.
This update [ATTACH]n1669[/ATTACH] is a follow on from https://www.vortexbox.org/forum/supp...sd-data-on-hdd .

Thanks for the work updating this. Over the next couple weeks I'll add your step posts to the Wiki as I have time.

**garyirwin** · 01-27-2019, 12:53 PM

so to be clear what was 4 commands in the wiki, is now 8000 commands here?

Announcement

Expand Storage Instructions updated - How to add another drive to /storage

Expand Storage Instructions updated - How to add another drive to /storage

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